¢  Aggregates- Rock , bitumen- Asphalt, concrete – Concrete – Cement, soil, petroleum – Bending moments in a beam– shear force in a beam, deflection of beams and cantilevers, Bending stress in abeam ,torsion of circular sections , unsymmetrical bending and shear centre, pin –jointed frameworks , three pinned arch, two – pinned arch , fixed arch , buckling of struts, continuous and indeterminate beams, curved bars and davits , plastic bending of beams, plastic bending of portals, redundant truss frame deflections and reactions compression testing frame –testing equipments for metal , steel , rubber, plastic, ultrasonic wave-vibration system instruments .